Marketing Strategies of Newman Apparels-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Talk about the Strategic Marketing of Newman Apparel arranged in Wellington, New Zealand. Answer: Presentation Key promoting is utilized by the association to make an arrangement for arriving at the clients and to fulfill the necessities of the client while expanding effectiveness and practicality of the association. Essentially association make vital showcasing plan in composed which will coordinate the kind of program of promoting is to be utilized for specific circumstance and usage of the projects. Key advertising additionally help business in getting imaginative and to realize how to cover the market (Freeman, 2010). Newman Apparel is a site of web based shopping and built up in Wellington, New Zealand and was established in the time of 2016. The originator of Newman Apparel is Justin Newman. It is exclusively in the matter of selling rec center product at the most minimal cost and give best quality items (Newman Apparel. 2017). It offers free conveyance of the materials over New Zealand. It has its business just in New Zealand with single office. It faces colossal rivalry from other shopping sites. Promoting Analysis A promoting examination is a valuation that licenses you to decide how suitable a particular market is for the business. Advertising investigation is utilized to assess the current market or search new market (Pestle examination. 2015). The factor of promoting examination is SWOT investigation in which we recognize organizations quality, shortcomings, openings and dangers (Tech Target. 2017). SWOT Analysis of Newman Apparels Quality OF Newman Apparel Client fragment: People of New Zealand incline toward going rec center and need themselves to be fit. Along these lines, it is a business opportunity for the organizations giving items identified with wellness. Thusly, Newman Apparels have three fragments, for example, individuals heading off to the exercise center consistently, beginners and individuals who are wellbeing cognizant. The given three sections include the utilization of same sort of item that is the reason it is a quality for Newman Apparels and can focus on these portion. Costs of the item Newman Apparels charge less costs for their contributions with subjective items when contrasted with its rivals. Indeed, even Newman Apparels don't charge any sum for conveyance of the items over New Zealand. Newman Apparels is arranged in Wellington of New Zealand, in this manner it is exceptionally advantageous for the individuals live close to Wellington to get to their administrations. Shortcomings of Newman Apparels Client base-Customer base of the Newman Apparels is less the same number of clients purchase the items just one time and don't return. To keep up the great relations with the clients is significant for the business to endure. On account of Newman Apparel it is by all accounts absent as client unwaveringness is likewise absent and it is a shortcoming of Newman Apparel. Chances of Newman Apparels Increment piece of the overall industry Newman Apparel convey their item effectively just in and around Wellington, they should make their procedure smooth for conveying their item in different spots. Notwithstanding this they should begin conveying their item globally to build their piece of the pie. Dangers of Newman Apparels Assets Newman Apparels should enlist more staff individuals as less individuals can't deal with the work future on account of their extension. They ought to likewise actualize better innovation and should arrange new PCs which will speed up preparing. Ramifications of Blue sea technique BOS-Blue sea procedure is a lot of key philosophies, instruments and rules that give help to the business in creating an expansion in worth and benefit by seeing beyond obsolete serious technique. It give an idea to them who work in the arranging of promoting and systems to look outside the current interest, reproduce the commercial center and make important rivalry (Kim Mauborgne, 2014). Worth Innovation, technique canvas and ERRC framework are known as the key standard and apparatuses of Blue Ocean system. Source [https://deams.units.it/destinations/deams.units.it/documents/VALUE%20INNOVATION.pdf] Worth Innovation-Value development is the cornerstone of Blue Ocean technique. Its fundamental center is that business should give equivalent significance to development and worth. On the off chance that business will just concentrate on making the estimation of item and administrations without advancement then the worth may increment for the clients yet it won't show anything unique or won't have an effective situation in the market. Development just is every now and again progressed and innovation decided. By and large it neglects to experience the worth needs and needs of the clients for which they are prepared to pay. It absolutely keeps away from them. Advancement for developments purpose. In this way, it is critical to have a development that include an incentive for the accomplishment of the item or business (Lv, 2017) Key Canvas-A procedure canvas is both an activity and insightful structure for developing a persuading technique regarding Blue Ocean. It catches the current situation of the business in the market space. This assists with dissecting the contributing procedure of the contenders, elements to be considered in the item, administration and conveyance for the opposition and what are the contributions for the clients in the current market. The flat hub speaks to the arrangement of perspectives the business takes part or puts resources into. The vertical hub speaks to the degree of offers that purchaser acquires through all these key testing factors (Tracogna, 2017). The worth bend at that point conveys a realistic outline of an exhibition of organization across business rivalry factors. Worth Curve-It is an instrument used to make a graphical delineation of the commercial center of the business shrouded by present aids with the market. The apparatus is utilized to decide productive and empty spots (Birajdar Mankar, 2017). Steps that are engaged with this- Stage 1: Define the key parts of cost and execution. Stage 2. Plan existing contributions. Stage 3. Make esteem adding acclimations to coordinate shrouded request to empty spots. ERRC Grid for Newman Apparel-Eliminate, Reduce, Raise, Create Kill Decrease Components of Competitive market Nearby market system Raise Make Product offering Commercial Grow assortment of item The ERRC framework is an apparatus that help new business or any organization to perceive the new open doors in the market, administrations or item or a model of business to recognize it from the opposition. It helps with arranging the components on which an organization chip away at to hang out in the market (Alamoudi Alandijany, 2017). Dispose of The elements must be wiped out those are not including esteem other than the organization has chipped away at part on it to contend (Kim, 2016). Newman Apparels isn't such a great amount of celebrated in the market as it has begun working in multi year. Along these lines, it faces gigantic rivalry from the shopping sites that as of now exist in the market. In this manner, Newman Apparel should concentrate on disposing of those elements that emerge in the serious market. Lessen Factors that include gigantic expense for keeping up them and are simply giving little benefit to the business must be diminished (Gander, 2017). Nearby market methodologies must be decreased by the Newman Apparel in the event that it isn't expanding their market lastly the business benefit won't increment. Raise-The components that can enhance the current clients ought to be brought up in the business (Egypt Innovate. 2015). Newman Apparel ought not just spotlight on rec center wears they can sell other sort of wear or can include a footwear choice. Make New factors ought to be made that were not included previously and can include esteem and can pull in the clients (Ng, Lau Ismail, 2014). Newman Apparel should do appealing ad to pull in clients and to put their business on the map. Alongside this they ought to grow their product offering and can give assortment of items. Promoting and Company assets for the worth advancement Organization Resources-Financial assets and HR are remembered for companys assets. For using the chance of the business, it is extremely basic to deal with the assets of the organization (Chuang Lin, 2017). In the matter of Newman Apparels, business ought to deal with the human and money related assets appropriately. They should concentrate on giving nature of rec center item with the goal that wellbeing cognizant individuals can be pulled in for this they need a thought that is creative for improving the element of their item. This can be accomplished by appropriately dealing with the money related and HR. In this manner, solid human asset is required for advancing the item through online life. Showcasing Resources Assets of showcasing are vitality, ability, cash and time. These four assets are significant for business to carry the item into the market by utilizing the chances (Sok, Miles, 2016). In the matter of Newman Apparels, to get a handle on the universal market openings they need part of cash to contribute. Along these lines, cash is supposed to be the significant component for the business to recruit the ability and workforce. However, Newman Apparel is an online based shopping site thusly, they need aptitude staff with specialized and non-specialized abilities for advertising their item. For making appealing commercial and elevating the item to expand the quantity of clients business need skilled showcasing administrators. Specialized specialists ought to be included and work the entire web based advertising. Another significant component of advertising is Time. For expanding the piece of the overall industry of the business in the universal market Newman Apparel need to give more opportunity to its strategy and its turn of events. On the opposite side, business should give additional time in the examination of market for understanding the diverse market needs. On the off chance that Newman Apparel need to grow their business in the global market they require a powerful advertising arrangement, which will time additional time. Vitality implies the capacity of a busi

I Know Its Over by Steven Patrick Essay -- Papers

I Know It's Over by Steven Patrick Rundown This is a distressing, maybe bleak, yet delicate and wise tune verse, which most pundits see as being about the finish of anecdotal or dream relationship. Be that as it may, the understanding can be a lot further, without a doubt, an unlimited pit for the individuals who are slanted to flounder in weakness and self-destructive contemplations. There are four unmistakable areas that are not so much associated and this prompts an assortment of understandings in connecting them, empowering the crowd to extend their own sentiments onto the words. But then, the passionate power appears to create elation[1] not wretchedness (maybe more in the execution than the verse). Hypothesis about the importance of the lines (as long as it isn't exaggerated) can prompt a fantastic satisfaction. Structure The primary area portrays our saint's quick perspective with the picture of his unfilled bed as a grave: Goodness Mother, I can feel the dirt falling over my head what's more, as I move into an unfilled bed Such is life. End of conversation. As though being covered alive, the despairing hero feels that his life should be finished: I know it's finished - still I stick/I don't know what other place I can go. Maybe a serious relationship has come to an end, prompting musings of depression and self destruction, yet it might be less self-evident. He compares his envisioned prospective demise with a sentiment of articulate defenselessness, yet it appears that demise isn't a choice in light of the fact that he thinks that its hard to act, as we will see. In this way, in spite of the fact that the ocean needs to take me/the blade needs to cut me, he doesn't appear to need it. He does ask do you want to support me? be that as it may, of whom? His mothe... ...tates that adoration is Normal and Real: is he apprehensive that for, for example, you and I, my adoration it is unnatural and nonexistent? Topics Regularly for this essayist the topics are lonely love, confinement, dejection, defenselessness, and so forth. The Wildean subjects are, maybe, in the psyche of the peruser/audience. Without a doubt, the general ambiguity and equivocalness, run of the mill of this creator, along with the multifaceted nature of the structure takes into account a division of translations. - - - - - [1] However, I recognize David Pinching, writing in his article Oscar Wilde's impact on Stephen Fry and Morrissey, when he says that Wilde speaks to separation inside one's own reality and a fantastic arrangement of hypotheses about the most insignificant and silly things. [2] All italics unique

The Bad Habit Thats Killing Your Reputation at Work

The Bad Habit Thats Killing Your Reputation at Work Today’s world is a hectic one, and if you are a normal person, it is inevitable that you have found yourself chasing the clock one or two times. Sometimes, it seems like the world is conspiring against you, and try as you might, you just cannot avoid being late.There is no shortage of reasons why this happens â€" you cannot find your keys, your kids take forever to get prepared, your car won’t start, traffic, you name it.This is totally normal and understandable. If your lateness is more than an occasional occurrence, however, this is a sign that you have a problem. And this problem could be ruining your reputation at work and negatively impacting your career.It does not matter if you are the smartest person at work or the most competent; if you are never on time, be it to work, to meetings or on deadlines, you risk coming across as unreliable and unprofessional, which can in turn affect your ability to move up the career ladder. Sadly, never being on time is common to a lot of p eople.According to a study at the San Francisco State University Led by Diana DeLonzor, about 20% of people are habitually late, both in their professional and social lives.This means that one in every five people might be ruining their reputation at work and curtailing their chances of career advancement by not being on time.IMPORTANCE OF BEING ON TIME Being on time to work, to meetings and on deadlines is important for several reasons. These include:It Shows ProfessionalismOne of the greatest indicators of professionalism is value for your time and that of others. By always being on time, it shows that you are a reliable and trustworthy employee. It helps you establish your reputation as a consistent and dependable person. Your boss knows that if he or she asks you to come in or deliver something by a certain time, you will do it.Colleagues have confidence that when you say you will get something done by a certain time, you will actually do it. Clients also trust that you will del iver what you promise on time, which builds their confidence in you as a professional and in the organization as a whole.On the other hand, if your bosses, colleagues, and clients cannot be sure that you will be there when they need you, there will be doubts about your professionalism. If people cannot trust you to organize your own time, they might not be willing to trust you with other, more important matters.Would you trust a colleague who always shows up to meetings late and breathless? Such people paint a picture of chaos and disorder, not professionalism.It Shows You Care About And Respect Your TeamBeing on time for meetings, shift changes, conference calls, and getting your work done on time shows that you care about and respect your colleagues and clients. It shows you care about the goals of the team and that you are willing to carry you weight on the job. This in turn enhances the morale and productivity of the team.Consider a situation where one team member is habitually late. The flow of work gets disrupted since the rest of the team has to wait for the late member to finish their part. Sometimes, other team members might even be forced to step in for the late member. This not only affects the productivity of the team, but also the morale of the team.The other members feel disrespected. Having to frequently cover for the late co-worker leads to tension and resentment within the team, which in turn affects performance and productivity.Enhances Your EmployabilityBeing habitually late shows that you either do not value the goals and objectives of the organization or you are not interested in the work. This paints a bad picture to your bosses. It shows that you lazy or irresponsible.In extreme cases, it can even lead to dismissal from your current job, especially if your organization is looking to downsize. A history of tardiness can also hurt your chances of finding employment if you are searching for a new job.No one wants to hire an employee who wil l constantly be late to work and in delivering their work. On the other hand, a history of always being on time can help you score points with a potential employer. It shows that you are a dependable and reliable worker, thereby enhancing your employability.Allows You To Meet DeadlinesDeadlines are a natural part of work. As a professional, you will be required to meet daily, weekly, and monthly deadlines. If you are constantly late, you do not have enough time to work on your assignments, which results in missed deadlines [link to article on what to do if you are going to miss a deadline] or low quality work done in a rush.This reflects poorly on you and affects your reputation as a professional. No one wants an employee who is constantly missing deadlines and not finishing assigned tasks. Being on time, on the other hand, gives you enough time to meet your deadlines, which makes you a productive member of the organization and shows your strong work ethic.You Serve As An Example To The RestImagine having a boss who is never on time. They are late to work, meetings start late as you wait for them, and projects are always being approved late. What effect would this have on you? In the long run, you would also start being late.Why get work to the meeting early if you will waste half an hour waiting for your boss? Why finish the project on time if it will spend a week on your boss’s desk before being approved?The same applies to you, especially if you are in a senior position. If you are habitually late, your colleagues and juniors will notice it and start following your example. After all, if you can get away with it, they know they can too.This leads to a laid back office culture where members of your team routinely show up late, thereby affecting the productivity of the team and the organization as a whole. If you are always on time, on the other hand, you serve as an example to the rest of your team and inspire them to also strive to be always on time.WHAT MAKES PEOPLE LATE?Lateness is often attributed to simple causes â€" traffic, not being able to find parking, an email sent at the last minute, and so on. Sure, these things might make you late, but they are only the symptoms. The real problem is something much deeper. According to the research by DeLonzor, lateness is a psychological problem.In her research, Ms. DeLonzor came to the conclusion that people who are habitually late fall into one or more of seven personality types. These seven personality types are:The Rationalizer: If you fall in this group, you tend to rationalize your lateness with excuses. Despite being habitually late, you don’t think you might be the problem. There is always something or someone to blame. Either your kid’s teacher asked to see you in the morning, you got a puncture, there was an accident along the way, your alarm did not ring, the list is endless. There is always an excuse. If someone calls you out for being late, you think they are being inco nsiderate since your lateness was caused by something outside your control.The Producer: You are always trying to do as much as possible within as little time as possible. Your schedule is always jam-packed. You plan to take a shower, prepare your kids for school, make and eat breakfast, and drop the kids to school, all within an hour. With all these activities to complete within a short time, it is not surprising that you end being late.The Procrastinator: Your greatest motivation to get things done is deadlines. You leave things until the last minute. If it takes you thirty minutes to get to work, you get out of the house with exactly thirty minutes to spare. If a task that needs to be done by close of business takes one hour to complete, you wait until the last hour of the day before you start working on it. Unfortunately, this means if something unexpected comes up, it is inevitable that you will be late.The Indulger: You have a hard time controlling your urges. Instead of wakin g up the moment your alarm goes off, you hit the snooze button and sleep for an extra ten minutes. Instead of starting your work on time, you spend an extra 20 minutes checking your feed on social media. Indulging in your urges eats into your time and causes you to be late.The Disorganized: Your lateness stems from the fact that you are a poor planner. Either you don’t remember that you have an appointment or you cannot find your phone, keys or wallet, or you forgot what time you are supposed to meet someone and so on.The Rebel: If you fall in this group, lateness is not actually a problem for you. You know that if you want to, you can be on time. However, you are deliberately late as a show of defiance. It is your way of rebelling against rules and authority.The Anxious: Your tardiness might also be an indicator that you are suffering from anxiety, depression, and self-esteem issues. You are afraid of uncomfortable situations and try your best to avoid them. You want to appear pe rfect in everything you do. For instance, you might have a hard time deciding what to wear in the morning because you want to look perfect, causing you to be late. Alternatively, if you are working on something, you might waste a lot of time nitpicking small details in an attempt to avoid being called out for something you overlooked, causing you to miss a deadline.The above shows that being habitually late is a much deeper problem than simply misplacing your keys or slow traffic. Knowing which category you fall in is important if you want to effectively become better at keeping time.HOW TO BECOME BETTER AT KEEPING TIME So, we know that being on time is a good thing for your reputation at work. Unfortunately, even knowing this, you cannot simply improve by telling yourself that you need to get better at keeping time.We have seen that lateness is often a much deeper problem, and therefore you need a strategy if you want to become a more punctual person. Below are some tips that will help you make sure that you are always on time.Go To Bed EarlierVery often, you might be getting to work late because of your tendency to snooze the alarm in order to get a few extra minutes of sleep in the morning. Instead of going to bed late and trying to squeeze in a few minutes of sleep in the morning, why not get into bed earlier and get enough sleep?This ensures you are fully rested by morning and less compelled to grab a few more minutes of sleep. Not only does going to bed earlier make it easier for you to wake up earlier, it is also good for your health.Of course, if you want going to bed earlier to translate into punctuality in the morning, you need to start waking up immediately your alarm goes off. As tempting as it might be, do not reach for the snooze button or linger in bed checking your emails or social media.A good tip for preventing this is to place your alarm clock far away from the bed, such that you have to get out of bed to turn it off. This minimizes the chan ces of hitting snooze and going back to bed.Prepare Everything The Night BeforeIf you ask people why they got to work late, many will point out that the culprit is the morning preparation. Either you cannot find your keys or wallet, your wife cannot find her phone or sunglasses, your son cannot find his mathematics text book.Searching for these things when it’s time to go out the door not only makes you late, but also makes you annoyed, resulting in a bad start to your day.To prevent this, you should make sure that everything else prepared the night before. A good idea is to have a specific place designated for things you need every morning â€" keys, wallet, and so on. When you get home in the evening, place these items in the designated place where you can easily retrieve them in the morning.If there is something else you will need in the morning, prepare it in evening. Pack your laptop, make sure you have what you need for breakfast and so on. You should also encourage your spou se and kids to prepare themselves the night before.Ask your wife to plan what they are going to wear the night before and your kids to pack their schoolbags before they go to sleep. Preparing everything the night before saves you a lot of time and stress in the morning, and you will start getting to work earlier.Plan To Be Early, Not On TimeSome people hate being early. They either hate having to sit around waiting while doing nothing else, they feel awkward and uneasy waiting, they don’t want to seem too eager, or maybe they want to get something else done instead of having to wait around inefficiently.This does not mean that they are late on purpose. Since they hate being early, such people plan to be on time, getting where they are needed at the exact minute they are required to be there. If you need to attend a meeting at 12.00 noon and you assume it takes 30 minutes to get to the venue, you leave at 11.30 am so that you arrive exactly at noon.Unfortunately, this does not leav e room for a contingency in case something happens. If you realize you forgot something and have to rush back to the office, or if a cop stops you on the way, that’s it. It becomes impossible to get where you are going on time.To avoid this, you should plan to be about 10-15 minutes early. This gives you time to handle anything that might come up on your way.Time YourselfAnother major reason why people are usually late is that they are poor at estimating the time it takes to get certain activities done. For instance, you might assume that you will only take 10 minutes to shower, five minutes to get dressed and another ten minutes to have breakfast before leaving the house.Once you get started on the activities, however, you end up taking 20 minutes to shower, ten minutes to get dressed and 15 minutes having breakfast. If you had estimated that you will be walking out the door in 30 minutes, you end up late because the activities you needed to get done took 45 minutes. This is quit e a common occurrence.According to a study by a San Diego State University psychology professor by the name Jeff Conte, people judge time differently. In the study, one group of people felt that a minute had passed after roughly 58 seconds, while another group felt that a minute had passed after a whopping 77 seconds.So, how do you stop making incorrect assumptions about the time it takes to get things done? The key is to find out how long it actually takes you to get things done. For two weeks, write down all the tasks you have to complete every single day â€" showering, brushing your teeth, eating breakfast, getting dressed, getting to work, and so on â€" and then note down the time it took you to get done next to the activity.Perform the tasks normally; don’t rush through them in order to claim they take less time. At the end of the two weeks, you will have a pretty accurate idea of how long each activity takes, and you will be less likely to use incorrect estimations when plan ning your day.Get Rid Of ExcusesWhat is the most common excuse you use whenever you find yourself running late? Observe yourself every time someone calls you out for being late and take note of the excuses you give. After a while, you will notice a pattern of excuses you use regularly, such as the traffic being bad or your kids taking the longest time to get ready for school.Once you realize your most common excuse, accept it as a natural part of your day and incorporate it into your daily routine. If you always blame the traffic, accept the traffic as a natural part of your day and start leaving the house earlier to beat it.If your kids are taking a lot of time getting ready, wake them up earlier and get them to prepare themselves earlier. Whatever your regular excuse for being late is, start incorporating it into your schedule.Manage Your To-Do ListRemember the producers who try to get a hundred and one things done within the shortest time possible? If you are one of them, it migh t be time you started managing your to-do list a little better. Stop taking on endless tasks.Figure out the important tasks that you need to get done and schedule them into your day and leave the less urgent tasks for the next day. If your boss gives you an additional task when you already have a full plate, do not be afraid to let him or her know that you already have several other things that you are working on.If the new task needs to be done urgently, let them know that you will need to schedule the current tasks to another day, instead of trying to get everything done at once.Watch Out For Time TrapsFinally, if you want to always be on time, you should watch out for time traps and distractions that make you waste time.Activities like checking your social media, watching TV shows, chatting, playing video games, and so on cause you to forget time and eat into your schedule, leaving you with little time to get important things done. To avoid wasting your time on such activities, s chedule them for moments when they won’t result in you getting late for anything.WRAPPING UPNever being on time for work, meetings and deadlines might be killing your reputation at work and ruining your chances of moving up the career ladder. Being on time shows professionalism, shows that you care about and respect your team, enhances your employability, allows you to meet deadlines and allows you to serve as an example to the rest.Fortunately, tardiness is a problem anyone can deal with. To stop being perpetually late, you should start sleeping earlier, prepare everything the night before, plan to be early instead of on time, time yourself to know exactly how long activities take and get rid of excuses.You should also learn how to manage your to-do list and prioritize important tasks, instead of trying to do everything done at once. Finally, you should also watch out for and avoid distractions and time traps that waste your time.Once you start putting these tips into practice, y ou will become more punctual and establish a reputation for yourself as a trustworthy, reliable and dependable person.

Symbolism Of A Professor Symbolism, The Heart, And...

Jake Wallis Mrs. Mary Smith AP Literature 20 September 2017 Symbolism in How to Read Like a Professor: Symbolism plays an important role in literature and thus is discussed throughout Thomas C. Foster’s How to read like a professor. Three major examples of symbolism discussed in the book are weather, the heart, and flight. Rain is just rain, and snow is just snow, or is it? Maybe in everyday life, however, in literature, there is so much more to the story. Foster provides many examples to demonstrate that weather is not just part of the setting. Going all the way to the Bible, rain is the driving force behind the story of Noah and his ark. God sent a downpour lasting 40 days and nights. He was angry and disappointed with the†¦show more content†¦Thus, writers often use it to great effect as heart disease is so symbolically intertwined with emotional issues. In The Wench is Dead (1989) Foster points out that our main character has died from issues with the heart, but the root meaning of this is actually that he is dying because of â€Å"the pain and suffering, the loneliness and regret, of his sad-sack love life† which is symbolically connected to the heart, where emotions come from, and thus his ailments of the heart can be directly tied to these emotional problems (Foster 142). Problems with the heart do not have to deal with disease directly. Spanning back to the Greeks there are references to people having hard hearts. This, while not being something that can really happen, in literature is symbolically a whole different story. A hard heart, whether it be physical or just figurative in a novel, is always symbolic of a closed off, rock hard, uncaring heart. In â€Å"The Man of Adamant† (1837) a man feels like the world is so full of sinners that he decides he must live in a cave to isolate himself from all human contact. This symbolic hardening of his heart is paralleled when, due to calcium in the cave, at â€Å"the end of the story he turns to stone, or not him entirely, just his heart. The man whose heart was figurative stone at the outset has his heart turn to literal stone at the end. It’s Perfect† (Foster 142). What do a bird, aShow MoreRelatedEssay about How to Read Literature Like a Professor1562 Words   |  7 PagesHow to Read Literature Like a Professor by Thomas C. Foster Chapter Reflections Introduction: How’d He Do That? * How do memory, symbol, and pattern affect the reading of literature? How does the recognition of patterns make it easier to read complicated literature? Discuss a time when your appreciation of a literary work was enhanced by understanding symbol or pattern. * When reading literature: memory, symbol, and pattern help you understand the text better. If you don’t comprehendRead MoreAnalysis Of Thomas Foster Chapter Notes2486 Words   |  10 PagesJared Spoonhour Advanced Placement Literature Mrs. Thrush 2nd Semester  ½ â€Å"How to Read Literature Like a Professor† by Thomas Foster chapter notes: Chapter 1 The Quest †¢ Quester – the person on the journey †¢ A destination traveled to †¢ A purpose for traveling there †¢ Challenges occur during the journey †¢ The reason for the person to go on the quest is implicit, the stated reason for traveling is never the actual reason for the journey †¢ Always comes down to – Self – knowledge Chapter 2 Acts ofRead MoreHow to Read Lit Like a Prof Notes3608 Words   |  15 PagesFrom How to Read Literature Like a Professor Thomas C. Foster Notes by Marti Nelson 1. Every Trip is a Quest (except when it’s not): a. A quester b. A place to go c. A stated reason to go there d. Challenges and trials e. The real reason to go—always self-knowledge 2. Nice to Eat With You: Acts of Communion a. Whenever people eat or drink together, it’s communion b. Not usually religious c. An act of sharing and peace d. A failed meal carries negative connotations 3. Nice to Eat You: Acts of VampiresRead MoreA Picatrix Miscellany52019 Words   |  209 Pagesfrom the Picatrix (see I.P.Couliano, Eros and Magic in the Renaissance, University of Chicago Press, 1987, p. 118). The Picatrix is mentioned by Johannes Trithemius in Book 2 of his notorious Steganographia (1500) and in his Antipalus Maleficiorum (c. 1500). One copy (British Library, Sloane manuscript 3679) passed down from Simon Forman (d. 1611) to Richard Napier (d. 1634) to Elias Ashmole (d. 1692) to William Lilly (d. 1681). E.M. Butler wrongly associates it with Gio. Peccatrix, (no doubt a pseudonym)Read MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 PagesP. Manning Corporation 72 Project Firecracker 74 56 CONTENTS Phillip Condit and Boeing 777: From Design and Development to Production and Sales 81 AMP of Canada (A) 105 AMP of Canada (B) (see handout provided by instructor) AMP of Canada (C) (see handout provided by instructor) Lipton Canada 118 Riverview Children s Hospital 124 The Evolution of Project Management at Quixtar 145 3 PROJECT MANAGEMENT CULTURES 151 Como Tool and Die (A) 153 Como Tool and Die (B) 157 Apache MetalsRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesganja-smoking illiterates who were of no value to society. Teachers, students, ofï ¬ ce workers, and anyone of social importance could not grow locks, and families would go into mourning when their sons would start sprouting them. I heard the term â€Å"black heart man† used again and again as a means of expressing fear or ridicule of the Rastafarian. And this was in the early 1970s—after Bob Marleys emergence as an international viii FOREWORD star, after Selassies arrival in Jamaica, and afterRead MoreOrganizational Behaviour Analysis28615 Words   |  115 Pageschange - ‘jokes’ about ‘delayering’, ‘alternative career opportunities’, ‘restructuring’, etc - and some reluctance to take proposals for change at their face value (see, for examples, Mangham, 1979, 1985; Moore, 1997; Thomson McHugh, 19904). At the heart of many problems associated with change is the precisely the insistence on regarding the matter as a purely technical one, to the exclusion of important emotional factors. This relates to ideas about what organisations are, and what can or cannot beRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesManagement—-Study and teaching. 2. Management—Problems, exercises, etc. Kim S. II. Title. HD30.4.W46 2011 658.40071 173—dc22 I. Cameron, 2009040522 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 ISBN 10: 0-13-612100-4 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-612100-8 B R I E F TA B L E O F C O N T E N T S Preface xvii Introduction 1 PART I 1 2 3 PERSONAL SKILLS 44 Developing Self-Awareness 45 Managing Personal Stress 105 Solving Problems Analytically and Creatively 167 PART II 4 5 6 7 INTERPERSONAL SKILLS 232 233 Read MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesand serious. It is so easy for students (and indeed others who should know better) to trivialize this very problematic and challenging subject. This is not the case with the present book. This is a book that deserves to achieve a wide readership. Professor Stephen Ackroyd, Lancaster University, UK This new textbook usefully situates organization theory within the scholarly debates on modernism and postmodernism, and provides an advanced introduction to the heterogeneous study of organizations, includingRead Morepreschool Essay46149 Words   |  185 Pagesdevelopment, cognitive development, and social-emotional development. I believe that these foundations will help guide and support all California preschools in providing developmentally appropriate instruction and activities that engage young minds, hearts, and bodies. Such learning will lead to children’s well-being and success throughout life. JACK O’CONNELL State Superintendent of Public Instruction Acknowledgments T he development of Volume 2 of the California Preschool Learning

The Invention Of The Industrial Revolution - 912 Words

In late 1700s England ran out of wood. Wood was hugely vital to life in England because everything ran on wood, it helped people stay alive by not freezing to death because wood fueled their fires. When forests ceased to exist in England people needed to get creative, as it turns out Britain had large amounts of coal. Coal quickly became very important, and it was easy to access and just as easy to transport. Soon other life changing discoveries were made. The power loom was invented in England in 1787 and inventions such as the power loom were the kickstart to the industrial revolution. Before, everything was made by hand in Europe. Every single article of clothing was hand woven with painstaking time consuming detail, by 1850 Britain was producing 200 times more textiles than they had been 100 years previously. More inventions followed and new technology was rapidly taking over. Life altering and wondrous new inventions and discoveries were around every corner, previously the Stea m Engine was invented in 1775 (of which coal was the main heat source) and flushing toilets came about in 1778. Everyone was a part of the industrial revolution. Men, women, and children worked everyday in deplorable conditions to make just enough money to keep alive. The entire family unit needed to work to keep the family afloat. Women and children accounted for a 75% of the workforce because they were paid less; children could be paid as little as one sixth or a grown man’s wage and womenShow MoreRelatedInventions Of The Industrial Revolution958 Words   |  4 Pages The Industrial Revolution was an innovative period between the 1760s through the 1850s, making people go from a predominantly agricultural existence into a more urban lifestyle. Starting after year 1750, all the factors that, made Great Britain the best place for industrialization. The primary assessment that made it possible was the invention of machines that could do work that was previously done by hand. This allowed production to shift from inside homes into factories. During the industrialRead MoreThe Invention Of The Industrial Revolution975 Words   |  4 PagesThe Industrial Revolution was based mainly upon the Cotton Industry , for most of the inventions created during that period were mainly for making and producing cotton. In the year 1773, there was a high demand for cotton cloth, but the production was low (mhirtostu.htm). This problem needed to be solved. The solution came from John Kay, a British weaver, who invented and fashioned the flying shuttle, which cut weaving time in half. John Kay was also a pioneer, and his new invention paved the wayRead MoreThe Invention Of The Industrial Revolution1463 Words   |  6 Pagesthe 18th century. Prior to the 18th century and pre-industrial times, the way one sustained and obtained means for survival transformed fairly insufficiently. However, once the Industrial Revolution ignited throughout Europe, the course one’s of livelihood forever changed. While the Agricultural Revolution was a sufficient step forward in metamorphosing human society, it did not reign like the technological advantages of the industrial revolution. The introduction of mass production, steam enginesRead MoreThe Invention Of The Industrial Revolution1585 Words   |  7 PagesThe Industrial Revolution is a period where people went from an agricultural society to an industrial society, meaning since the refinement of the steam engine, the invention of the internal combustion engine, the harnessing of electricity and t he construction of canals, railways and electric-power lines most jobs were in factories and all hand production methods were transited to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production. During the industrial Revolution women wanted to have rightsRead MoreThe Invention Of The Industrial Revolution2134 Words   |  9 Pagesredefine history. The Industrial Revolution was the great turning point in United States history. Never before in history had a period of growth been so great and so full of powerful sustaining change. As Nobel Prize Winner Robert E. Lucas, Jr. so aptly stated, For the first time in history, the living standards of the masses of ordinary people have begun to undergo sustained growth.... Nothing remotely like this economic behavior has happened before. The Industrial Revolution was time period fromRead MoreThe Invention Of The First Industrial Revolution1391 Words   |  6 PagesThe First Industrial Revolution Envision living in a society dominated by factories that just recently transformed from arable land and farms. Imagine constantly hearing about brand new inventions and ideas that were deemed impossible only a few years ago. Visualize working long hours in cramped factories, in exchange for low pay and contagious diseases. For some people that lived during the age of industrialization, this was their reality of life. During the 18th and 19th century, the world wasRead MoreThe Invention Of The Industrial Revolution1204 Words   |  5 PagesThe Industrial Revolution took place during the 18th and 19th centuries. During this time mankind made the switch from hand-made to machine-made production methods. The steam engine, later replaced by the internal combustion engine, made this possible. The power source of these machines is burning fossil fuels, such as crude oil, natural gas, and coal. When fossil fuels are burnt, gases like carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and halocarbons a re released. These are known as greenhouse gasesRead MoreThe Inventions During the Industrial Revolution879 Words   |  4 Pagesof the Science and Technology of the Industrial Revolution. My historical analysis will be about the inventions during the Industrial Revolution. The three I will be focusing on: The Water Frame, The Improved Steam Engine and the Sewing Machine. All three of those inventions all offer some sort of Problem, Progress and Promise to the Industrial Revolution. I will be analyzing those three things. One of the first inventions during the Industrial Revolution is the Water Frame. It was invented byRead MoreThe Invention Of The Industrial Revolution3915 Words   |  16 PagesThe Industrial Revolution completely changed the course of human events ever since the first machines were created. All the advancements in technology that have led us to today’s modern machines couldn’t of been possible without the initial events that sparked the very first mechanical devices. Behind these very first devices was a power source, fossil fuels, whether it was coal for trains or eventually gasoline for cars. These resources seemed to power the world into a completely new era, oneRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution Sparked Invention1349 Words   |  6 Pages ASSIGNMENT 1: PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING Mebin Mathews University of Wolverhampton 1227861 Introduction The industrial revolution sparked invention. Individuals and companies found new ways to make our lives easier. Even though the innovations help our everyday lives, we need to think about our future generations and what we are leaving behind for them. It is estimated that by 2050 we will run out of most of the metal resources. Metals are an essential part of us our

IPL Ruining Cricket Stars Free Essays

string(132) " and Ajay JadeJa were banned from the cricket for life time and few players took retirement from cricket due to their shameful act\." Indian Premier League destroying International Cricket Money, fame, and power are the liberties that cricket players have nowadays. In India where cricket is consider a religion and cricket players are considered Gods. Mohammed Azharuddin was the captain of Indian cricket team in 1985 and he is now an Indian politician. We will write a custom essay sample on IPL Ruining Cricket Stars or any similar topic only for you Order Now He is the member of the Indian National Congress, which is the major political party in India. He is also the member of parliament of house in India. In India cricket was first played in 1932, but it wasn’t until 1983 when cricket drew approximately million fans. India won its first World Cup in 1983, beating West Indies, a team who was considered favorites to win the tournament. India’s proudest captain Kapil Dev lifted the World Cup trophy for the first time in front of thousands of people at one of the historic Cricket ground at Lords in England. This was Just the beginning of new cricket era in India. After almost two decades, Indian cricket was in threat of losing its fame due to few players and the captain itself was involved in match-fixing. This made entire nation angry and it drew fewer crowds, however when â€Å"Saurav Ganguly took the captaincy for the team in 2000 he changed the face of Cricket in India† (Empire of Cricket-India). He made everyone believe that no one should take Indian team lightly in international cricket; soon cricket began to take its peak by producing some of the finest players for India such as Sachin Tendulkar and Rahul Dravid. When India won its first inaugural Twenty20 World Cup in South Africa, it created a new taste in Indian Cricket. People began to like twenty20 cricket, because it was quick and results were faster. The BCCI (Board of Cricket Control in India) created IPL known as Indian Premier League, but they ignored the fact that by oing so they are destroying the international cricket. Lots of cricket is being played around the world such as test, one-day, twenty20, and domestic cricket. Cricket matches is affecting players’ performances and encouraging them to retire from one or more format of the game due to their tight schedule. Indian Premier League is consider as one of the prestigious domestic league in cricket and it attracts players from international cricket by offering mouthwatering salary of million dollars to the players to play in their league. India stuns the world in 1983 by winning the World Cup. No one had expected or even dreamed about India qualifying for finals and that too facing West Indies who won consecutive World Cup in 1975 and 1979. When India qualified for the semi-final many people were satisfy by India’s performance, but India wasn’t so they went onto the final by beating England. During early 1970’s and 1980’s West Indies was the toughest opponent to face and most batsman from other country feared to face West Indies bowlers. â€Å"West Indies possessed the most fearsome bowling attack and possibly the most brutal batting line-up that anybody had ever witnessed† (Abbasi 1). Facing West Indies was the nightmare for any team in early 1970’s and 1980’s. There was a big hand of Kapil Dev in India’s win over West Indies in World Cup. Kapil Dev became hero in minutes after taking a stunning match winning catch of Viv Richards, the catch gave â€Å"India belief. And West Indies panicked† (Bal 1). Viv Richards was the only player who would have help West Indies to make it hat-trick tor the number ot wins in World Cup. W n him gone West Indies dream faded away to put their hands on third World Cup title. â€Å"In hindsight it can also be said that the catch changed the way cricket would be played, for it awoke India to the possibilities to win the World Cup† (Bal 1). The catch from Kapil Dev brought India closer to the victory and with that 1983 World Cup belongs to India. It all came out in 1999 when cricket in India was in threat. India went through dark days in 1999 and it wasn’t the great year for the cricket players and especially for the cricket fans. Leading cricketers were accused of match-fixing and then a police report proved that there was a direct link between cricketers and illegal book makers. Former Indian Cricketer Bishan Bedi once said, â€Å"Sickening absolutely sickening and hen some of the players were found to be indulging in that kind of nonsense, cricket died for many days† (Empire of Cricket-India). People lost faith in everything they had seen and they no longer trusted the results. India’s cricket captain Mohammad Azharuddin was involved in match-fixing with many other players such as Ajay Sharma, Ajay JadeJa, Manoj Prabhakar, and Dr. Ali Iran’, a physiotherapist. â€Å"The Indian government orders the Central Bureau of Investigation to probe the match-fixing allegations and to find out whether any Indian cricketer or official was involved† (Ravindran 2). This event was eye opening for many fans and the government itself felt that they need to take action to provide Justice for the millions of cricket fans in India. When CBI released the report on match-fixing in November it accused those players of having links with bookies and of under-performing in return for huge sums of money. â€Å"Manoj Prabhakar told CBI that he was offered 2. 5 million rupees ($53,000) by a teammate to underperform in a match against Pakistan in 1994† (Magazine 2). â€Å"Titan Cup in 1996 between India and South Africa was fixed, Pepsi Asia Cup in Sri Lanka in 1997 was fixed, and Pepsi Cup between India and Pakistan in 1999 was also fixed† (Ganapathy 1). Mohammed Azharuddin and Alay Sharma were involved in the following fixed matches. Based on the evidence each time the match was fixed players received from â€Å"$19,000 to $400,000†³ (Ganapathy 1). People were in shock for years when they realized their cricket God cheated on them. These led to a public outcry demanding punishment for the players. Mohammed Azharuddin and Ajay JadeJa were banned from the cricket for life time and few players took retirement from cricket due to their shameful act. You read "IPL Ruining Cricket Stars" in category "Papers" To take Indian cricket out of darkness and into the light India needed a new leader. Saurav Ganguly known as Bengal Tiger of Kolkata was named captain of the Indian cricket team in 2000. Now, under Saurav Ganguly, Indians always such bad travelers, had begun to win abroad† (Bose 242). He made every Indians proud and made cricket more loveable. He began well as a captain leading India to the final of ICC Knockout Trophy in 2000 and ICC Cricket World Cup in 2003. Unfortunately India lost both these finals ; one against New Zealand in 2000 and Australia in 2003. When India toured England during the summer of 2002 there were big expectations on the shoulder of the young kipper with India not able to secure a series win in England since 1990. During the final match of the 2002 Natwest Trophy between India and England held in Lords, Ganguly took off his shirt in public and brandished it in the air to celebrate India’s stunning win of the series. Harsha Bhogle a cricket commentator said, â€Å"India was a great talking nation, but wasn’t great doing nation and they found that when Saurav came along and ne actually took that shirt ott, people said an nn someone’s nas actually done it. Someone has done what we wanted to do and there wasn’t any script written he Just did it† (Empire of Cricket-India). Ganguly had the vision that we can do it. And that’s what it made a difference. Former Pakistani cricketer Ramiz Raja once said â€Å"India vs. Pakistan this is what cricket is all about. It’s the contest that people look forward to. † Cricket played between India and Pakistan is often considered war than a match. There is always pressure on 11 players from both the nation when they face off. The reason why a match between India and Pakistan makes so much exciting and thrilling is because India’s independence from Britain in 1947, both countries have fought three wars and they are still in disputes over Kashmir. During India’s tour of Pakistan in 2004 the tension across the border was enormous. When India beat Pakistan in test series after 50 years it was a great gift for the people in India and people serving in Indian Army. This was by far the greatest achievement for team India under the captaincy of Ganguly. Intikhab Alam Pakistan team manager said, â€Å"Both teams cannot win, and somebody has to lose. Let it remain a cricket match and don’t make us feel like we are standing on a warfront† (Doherty 3). The word defeat is not accepted to the fans from both the countries. Defeat to the ans means that they have been slapped on their face. India Pakistan cricket is considered as one of the prestigious cricket rivalry. It is the competition that even different international team such as Australia and England look forward to. During the 1996 World Cup India and Pakistan played in quarter-final match for the spot in semi-final, two Pakistani fans died. â€Å"One had a heart attack and the other reportedly turned his gun on himself after shooting his TV in disgust at Pakistan’s 39-run loss to India† (Doherty 2). Cricket played between India and Pakistan is the battle of do or die. India is a cricket crazy country where cricket runs in the blood of every Indian on the planet. There is an old saying that â€Å"Cricket is an Indian game accidentally discovered by the English† (Gopalan et al. 1). This is so true, because cricket in Indian culture is so popular that every child that is born in India wants to play cricket. It is the sport that unite entire nation together. Cricket has the unique ability to unite all of India over and above its diversities. â€Å"Inspiration, Passion, Obsession, Devotion, cricket evokes myriad responses across India. India rejoices every time team India ins and despairs at every loss† (Gopalan et al. 1). During the 1996 World Cup when India lost to Sri Lanka for the spot in final, fans erupted in Kolkata cricket stadium. At the scent of a defeat Indian fans started â€Å"throwing empty bottles; burning newspaper which is symptomatic of the growing intolerance and fanaticism of the Indian crowds† (Gopalan et al. 2). Indians fans react to the team lose very quickly and they want their team to win every single game which is impossible. â€Å"Perhaps the problem is that Indians expect too much from their cricketer† (Bose 240). Indians fans are Just aiting for the opportunity to show their anger towards their team when India loses. â€Å"For the large numbers of urban middle class Indians who embraced the game, it was a case of encountering a new and exciting sport, one that was far more interesting than the Indian options that existed at the time such as gilli danda, hockey’ (Kasbekar 269). Cricket is more popular in India, because India doesn’t have too many sports unlike the United States where they have hockey, basketball, baseball, soccer, and football. The fans are evenly distributed when they have more choice available in ports while in India there is only one way ot tan tollowing which is Cricket. During the high profile match or tournaments Indian crowds are like ants and the cricket match is like sugar. Crowds are so glued to their seats or television set that they forget their problems in their life. The recent World Cup held in India, was big success for team India as they won their second title after 28 years. â€Å"India vs. Pakistan World Cup 2011 semi-final was watched by 67. 3 million people, India vs. Sri Lanka World Cup Final was watched by 68 million people† (Dhawan et al. 1). Cricket is ery popular and it draws more fans when India is performing at its best during bigger tournament. â€Å"There is no doubt that what made cricket so popular in India was nationalism. Cricket had become a reflection, a focus, and an instrument of Indian nationalism† (Kasbekar 269). Cricket is the only sport that gives fans a chance to show their love and support towards their nation. When India plays against England or Pakistan it is the great atmosphere for the fans to support their team. The other reason cricket is so popular is because there is no caste system in India when it omes to cricket. People from any caste can play cricket for his national team. Indian cricket team is a big example of diversity there are players from different religions such as Guajarati, Muslim, Marathi, South Indian, and Punjabi. A person from different religions unites team India and it makes cricket more lovable. India’s current cricket captain M. S. Dhoni comes from the lower caste. Now comes the new generation of cricket. The Indian Primer League also known as Indian Paisa League. Paisa in India means money. IPL’s power is taking over the world. â€Å"The survey ndicated that 54 percent of the players would retire from one or more formats of the game because of too much international cricket† (Magotra 2). Sri Lankan player Lasith Malinga retires from test cricket to focus on IPL and Australia Player Adam Gilchrist retires from all the format of the cricket such as test, one-day, and twenty20 to play in ‘PL. â€Å"The money has made many international cricketers choose IPL over their countries† (Magotra 1). Virender Sehwag from India decided not to tour the West Indies series, because he wanted to play in ‘PL. Few Indian players decided not to tart their treatment on their injuries, because they did not wanted to miss out from ‘PL. According to the DNA: Daily News Analysis former Sri Lankan cricketer Arjuna Ranatunga said, â€Å"IPL is the monster that will go on to destroy international cricket. † I agree with the former captain of Sri Lanka, because if the youngsters gets the chance to play in IPL and if he starts to make millions of dollar than why would he want to play for his national team if he can make a good living out of ‘PL. Bishan Bedi once said, â€Å"l find it suffocating honestly. I find it the most vulgar expression of cricket. It’s not cricket, No† (Empire of Cricket-India). Few former cricketers find IPL as one of the destructive tournament that will affect the real cricket and its taste. But IPL is so much popular in India that even women are interested in watching IPL games. â€Å"Inspired by the English Premier League city based franchises has been created and sold for over 500 million pound. Players from all over the world are auction for sums beyond one million pound† (Empire of Cricket-India). Harsha Bhogle a cricket commentator said, â€Å"History will record 20 years from now as IPL as the greatest urning point ever in history of the game† (Empire of Cricket-India). The way IPL is going it will affect the international cricket by having few players retiring from their national team; this affects the fans that are true cricket lover towards their nation. From the success ot I PL other countries such as Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sri Lanka are considering to create their own twenty20 domestic league such as Sri Lankan Premier League, Pakistan Premier League and Bangladesh Premier League. With all this domestic cricket being played it will go on to destroy the real meat of cricket which is ne-day and test cricket. People have to remember that Indian Premier League is dessert and people cannot live on dessert forever they have to respect the real meat of cricket by banning the domestic twenty20 league. India is very rich cricketing nation where lot of people looking to make investment in cricket. â€Å"But there are fears that this big hitting twenty20 cricket will end up destroying traditions of ancient and modern in India and wider empire of cricket† (Empire of Cricket-India). All eyes are on India as they became the superior governing cricket nation. International Cricket Council should intervene in domestic cricket by banning twenty20 cricket league. The way there is demand for the players in IPL I think it is going to be very difficult to put restriction on the international players to not allow them to play in IPL, but for the sake of cricket and preserving the ancient culture ICC and BCCI should take this action and stop IPL from further destruction. International players have earned fame and popularity by playing for their national team not by the ‘PL. IPL is playing with fans emotion by encouraging players to play in their team and the downside of this is hat those players are taking retirement from other format of the cricket due to too much cricket matches. How to cite IPL Ruining Cricket Stars, Papers

The Hidden Gender Stereotypes in the Animations the Little Mermaid and Tangled free essay sample

After the success of the feminist movement in the early 1960s, gender stereotypes are considered as not a big issue anymore. Many people tried to break gender stereotypes especially in mass media. However, it is undeniable that gender stereotypes are still imprinted because people have been fed by gender stereotypes from the show that they watch since they are young. It is shown in two animation movies titled The Little Mermaid and Tangled. This article examines various evidences of gender stereotypes that are hidden in both movies and how they are still seen although the creator has hidden them. There are two major points that will be examined in this paper. First, that the depiction of woman characters in both movies is symbolizing gender stereotypes. Second is the act, the song and the utensils that the characters use is symbolizing patriarchy system. This paper is concluded by a statement that both movies contain gender stereotypes although it has been hidden. We will write a custom essay sample on The Hidden Gender Stereotypes in the Animations the Little Mermaid and Tangled or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page KEYWORDS: Gender stereotypes, grotesque, patriarchy, animation studies, womens representation Introduction The main aim of this paper is to make original contribution in gender studies by analyzing hidden gender stereotypes in two animation movies, titled, The Little Mermaid and Tangled. After the success of the feminist waves throughout the world, the term emancipation has arisen and allowed women to have the same rights as men. Before that, women were considered as second-class citizens who were under men’s control. Following that, there have been movements, slogans, and even works like movies, books, and videos that try to portray the freedom of women from men’s control and to show that women can stand by themselves. The question is, are they really free? Do they really have the same rights as men? As I intend to show in this article, even though women have been portrayed as free and equal as men, they are actually still stuck in the gender stereotypes even until nowadays as can be seen in the movie The Little Mermaid and Tangled. These two movies will be examined by using feminist approach as the basis of the movies’ evaluation. Besides that, semiotic method will be used to discuss symbols that represent meaning in the movies. This will reveal the fundamental problems about gender stereotypes that people believe to have been destroyed by the various feminist waves. The Little Mermaid is an animation movie that was created in 1989 and produced by Walt Disney Studio. This movie presents a story of a girl named Ariel, a 16-year-old beautiful mermaid that is never allowed to go to the surface of the ocean by her father, the King of the Ocean. Ariel always tries to escape and goes to the surface because she is fascinated with the human world. One day, she goes to the surface and helps Prince Eric as his ship sinks in the ocean. She falls in love with Prince Eric, but she cannot confess her feeling because she is not a human. Throughout the story, Ariel goes to a sea witch named Ursula to be human and Ursula gives Ariel a pair of legs. In return of the legs, Ariel gives her voice to Ursula. Tangled is a new animation movie of Walt Disney studio that talks about a smart yet naive girl that has very long â€Å"magical† hair. Rapunzel spends her whole life in a tower with her stepmother. She never goes out to see the world until a man named Eugene comes and â€Å"saves† her. Mother Gothel, Rapunzel’s step mother, hides Rapunzel in a tower to stay young by always touching Rapunzel’s hair. After Rapunzel knows that she is not her mother’s biological child, she tries to escape from the tower and seeks the truth about herself. With the help from Eugene , Rapunzel runs off from the tower and has an adventurous journey around the kingdom. At the end of the story, she finally finds the truth that she is the princess of the kingdom. This paper will be organized into two major parts as follow: The first is the depiction of the good woman and the bad woman in both animation movies and the second is the appearance of patriarchy in both movies. In the first part, I will discuss how the movies define and characterize the bad woman and the good woman by looking at and analyzing both the protagonist and antagonist characters. Then, in the second part, I will examine how the movies strengthen patriarchy from the feminist perspective. These findings will support the current writing that is written by Kerry M Mallan about women’s grotesque images in â€Å"Witches,Bitches,and Femme Fatales:Viewing the female grotesque in children’s film† (Mallan,2000). Mallan’s paper will talk about the image of bad woman in some animation movies that I will explain further in the next section of this paper. Previous Research Much has been written on the works of women’s images and gender stereotypes in both real life and literary works, but most of them so far only focus on the images of women and the forms of oppression of women. An important work on women’s stereotypes and oppression is a book by Colette Downing titled Cinderella Complex (1992) which presents an overview of a theory of Cinderella Complex that unconsciously affects most women in the world. According to Downing (1992,17) Cinderella complex is the act of fear, most of which is oppressed, that makes women cannot and do not dare to use all of their intelligence and creativity, and would rather wait for men as their saviors. Although she gives explanations about Cinderella complex as one form of gender stereotypes, her work in general focuses on women’s behavior that is in line with the stereotypes based on their willingness. In her book, Downing stated that the discrimination of women in the workplace is caused by their reluctance to be a professional for a long time (20). They would rather wait for men to provide their needs. She does not specifically explain that sometimes some women try to break the stereotype but they cannot do that since society wants to prevent from doing so. In other words, women have to strengthen the gender stereotype because of the situation. Another scholar that has a work about gender stereotypes in the movie especially children’s movies is Kerry M Mallan in her works titled â€Å"Witches,Bitches,and Femme Fatales:Viewing the female grotesque in children’s film† in the Journal Explorations into Children’s Literature (2000). In her paper, she focuses on the women’s grotesque images in the movie. In general she focuses and criticizes the images of women who have power like Ursula or Cruella. They are always depicted as mad and cruel. Mallan stated that women who have masculine power will be seen as mad and deviant (2000,10). Even though she explains about women’s grotesque in children’s movies, she does not really explain about how the movies depict the image of good women. Like what Downing does in her book, Mallan also does not give explanations about the image of men in the stereotype gender. Both of them only focus on the women. On the other hand, I will examine the image of both women and men in the animations The Little Mermaid and Tangled : Rapunzel in order to reveal the gender stereotypes. Most of critical works take women’s oppression as their focus, while studies of gender stereotypes of both sexes that happen unconsciously and are created by human is still a minority. By adopting those various critical lenses, this paper will focus on hidden gender stereotypes. The emphasis will be on how women and men are characterized and defined in the movies and the effort made by people to break the stereotypes. The aim is to show that gender stereotypes cannot be separated from our life as we are forced to see them in the animation movies since we are little. Also, this paper aims to demonstrate that gender stereotypes studies need to be explored further and taken more seriously, because they can be hidden and absorbed not only by kids but also adults unconsciously. Thus, it will contribute to a better understanding of gender stereotypes both hidden and overt from feminist perspective. Gender stereotypes have been the focus of research by many scholars like Mallan and Downing. Downing’s research and theory about Cinderella Complex will be used to support my arguments in this paper. Also, her explanations will be taken as the basis of my paper since it talks about the basic meaning of gender stereotypes in reality (not in a movie). By looking at her explanations, I will be able to determine gender stereotypes although they are hidden. On the other hand, I will use Mallan’s paper to be critically examined and the result will be explained in this paper. Mallan’s paper about female grotesque in animations will be my basis to criticize the movies. Also, rather than take her paper without any criticism, I will look at her researches to be compared with my findings in these two animation movies. Not only being examined, but Mallan’s paper will be used to support my arguments especially from the children’s perspective. Theory and Method Most people misunderstand gender as the same term as sex. In fact, gender and sex are two different terms and of course have different meanings. Eisenstein states in her book that : Sex meant the biological sex of a child-was it born anatomically a male or female member of human species. Gender was the culturally and socially shaped cluster of expectations, attributes, and behaviors assigned to that category of human being by the society into which the child was born (Eisenstein,1984 :7) From this explanation, we can conclude that sex is a biological description while gender is a social label that is constructed by culture. Based on that explanation, gender stereotypes become the issue because every culture develops their own stereotypes regarding gender. Gender stereotype contains beliefs about the psychological traits and characteristics, as well as the activities appropriate for men or women (Brannon, 2008:48). It is seen that gender stereotypes were the generalized beliefs and attitudes toward masculinity and femininity. Then, gender stereotypes cannot be separated to Female Grostesque theory that can limit women’s movement. According to Russo in her book titled Risk, Excess and Modernity, female grotesque are the images that are precisely those which are objected from the bodily canons of classical aesthetics (Russo,1995:8). Russo also added that if women do not do as they are told (being feminine), they will be considered as unnatural (Russo,1995:20). The fear of being unnatural will limit women’s movement. They have to be feminine to be accepted by the society. These theories can lead to one assumption that gender stereotypes were constructed by culture and it can limit somebody’s movement because of the theory of grotesque. The operating assumption or hypothesis of this paper is that although gender stereotypes have been tried to be destabilized by many means, they can still be seen in our society. This is because gender stereotypes have been reinforced and absorbed indirectly from the entertainment industry since we were kids. After the success of feminist struggle, almost all entertainment shows try to change gender stereotypes. However, it is really hard to avoid gender stereotypes because we have known them since we were really young. For each movie, I will also have my own hypothesis. The Little Mermaid will show more effort in breaking the gender stereotypes than Tangled since The Little Mermaid was made before the 1990s. Before the 1990s, people tried so hard to break the stereotypes since gender stereotypes were a big issue at that time. As for today, gender stereotypes are still a big problem but more people are concerned with other global issues rather than gender stereotypes. Two animation movies from Walt Disney video will be used in order to analyze the gender stereotypes in a movie. I choose animation movies because animation movies are made for children. Messages from animation movies are more striking than ordinary movies because kids are naive and they do not know anything. The Little Mermaid is chosen for its popularity and the story really shows the power of a woman. While for Tangled: Rapunzel, it is chosen not only because it contains the breaking of gender stereotypes, but also this movie is new and I want to compare this movie and The Little Mermaid. The Little Mermaid was made in 1989 while Tangled was made in 2010. Do they really have the same perspective about gender stereotypes? In researching, I will watch these movies twice. The first will be the time for me to watch and understand the whole story. At the second time, I will take notes on the scenes and the dialogues of the characters that contain gender stereotypes. In addition, because both movies are musical movies, I will also focus on the songs that the characters sing because most of the songs reflect the characters’ feelings. After that, I will compare the data from the movies with the theories that I obtained about gender stereotypes to ensure the validity of my research. Analysis In the movie The Little Mermaid, the protagonist character is Ariel. Ariel is a beautiful 16 year old girl who cannot leave her underwater palace because her father told her not to. This movie depicts Ariel as an ideal woman although she is considered as a rebellious girl. From her appearance, we can see that she has fair skin, red-long flowing hair, and beautiful eyes. Her seashell bra shows her slender body and slim belly. Her appearance is also colorful with her red hair, purple cloth, and green tail. When she shows up, the background will be colorful with clear blue water and surrounded by colorful animals (see figure 1). Not only her appearance, but Ariel also has a beautiful voice that can make others amaze. As the youngest and most-talented daughter of King Triton, her voice is really beautiful as she is an opera singer. Her characteristic is also lovely. She is always surrounded by animals, even she has a best friend, Flounder, who always accompany her. By seeing Ariel, we can see she is really caring since she loves animals, especially Flounder and Sebastian, a Caribbean Crab. It is really typical in Disney fairy tales that most of the princess will be surrounded by animals. They can share their opinion and wait for their savior with the animal. This character shows the soft side of women. Ariel shows the image of friendly which is really important to a woman. In short, Ariel is a depiction of the ideal woman from her appearance and her characteristic. Then, Ariel is compared to Ursula as the antagonist character. Ursula is a sea-witch who likes to make a deal with other sea-kingdom citizen and take advantage from the deal. She is really evil and cunning. Walt Disney depicts Ursula as the opposite of Ariel. She is depicted as an old fat woman. It is can be seen from her fleshy body spills out her dress. She wears low-cut, long, black evening dress which blacks are usually the color of the evil. She also has short, bleached and butch hairstyles that contradict the image of the ideal woman who usually has long, flowing hair like Ariel. Unlike Ariel who is colorful, Ursula is just dark with her black evening dress and dark blue skin. Her overall appearance gives the image of â€Å"scary† and â€Å"dark† (see figure 2). Moreover, when she shows up in a scene, the music background will be a scary music which adds the image of scary. There is something that emphasize Ursula as the bad character. Unlike Ariel who has a beautiful voice, she has an alto voice that if we hear it, it sounds like a male’s voice. Why did Walt Disney give a male-like voice to Ursula? They can just give a normal girls voice to Ursula. It is done to strengthen the image of scary and evil to Ursula. By these findings, it can be implied that in the creator’s mind –maybe also in our mind- a woman who has a character of a man (although it is only a bit) will be considered as weird or scary. Kallan in her article also stated that Ursula is more masculine than feminine (2000:16). She has the ability to change a tail into a pair of legs which she has done to Ariel. She can change herself from a half-octopus sea-witch into a beautiful girl. Also, she can make a big storm in the sea to sink many ships, including Eric’s ship. When she is angry because Eric wants to kill her, Ursula creates a bigger storm and a whirlpool to kill him. She is really powerful since she can beat King Triton in their last battle until he gives his soul to her willingly. She becomes the leader of the sea kingdom after the battle. By this event, we can see that Ursula is not just an ordinary woman. She is a woman with much power and she can do whatever she wants. However, women like Ursula are always being the evil or the antagonist in an animation movie or maybe most movies. It leads to an interpretation to the viewer that a woman who has power is not good and only create destruction like Ursula. Ursula lived in the palace before King Triton expelled her. Ursula fights the norms of society by not having a traditional relationship. She is a rebellious woman. Her rebellion is seen as a negative influence and it makes her being isolated by the society and expelled by the king. In other words, women who do not follow the rule to be feminine by having more masculine quality, they will be considered as negative and can make them being isolated from the society. Later, it makes women choose to be powerless and obedient to be accepted. In Tangled, Rapunzel as the protagonist character is also depicted as an ideal woman. She has very long, flowing hair with slender body (see figure 3). Her long hair is magical because it can glow when she sings and it can heal every disease (see figure 5). If someone cuts the hair, the magic of it is gone and it becomes useless. As we all know, hair has become woman’s precious asset and women with long flowing hair usually will be categorized as beautiful. Rapunzel’s appearance in the 2010 after The Princess and the Frog which shows an African-American princess is problematic. The Princess and The Frog has changed the stereotype of Disney princess by depicting the princess as an African-American girl. However, Tangled changes that new stereotype and Disney is going back to their old stereotype. The standard of long flowing blond hair as the symbol of femininity still limits Disney to create Rapunzel in another way. Rapunzel wears a purple dress as purple symbolizes loyalty. This image resembles her character that is really loyal as she never leaves the tower. Rapunzel also has a beautiful voice. Beautiful voice has become an important part in depicting a good woman. It has been the characteristic of a good woman. Similar as Ariel, Rapunzel is also a lovely person. She has an animal best friend, a chameleon, named Pascal who always follows her. She is also able to convince Maximus, a clever horse that hates Eugene. Maximus is really hard-to-tame but she is succeeding in taming Maximus. She does it with her lovely character that makes Maximus loves her too. By this scene, we can see that she is a loving person since even animal loves her. Not only animals, kids also love her as kids in the kingdom surround her and braid her very long hair with flower ornaments. She can talk to thugs in the â€Å"Snuggly Duckling Pub† although they are ready to kill Rapunzel and Eugene. She becomes the peacemaker in that Pub and everybody is happy because of her. In short, Rapunzel is really depicted as an ideal girl with her beautiful appearance and lovely characteristics. Mother Gothel as Rapunzel’s step mother is the opposite of Rapunzel. She is unique because she always shows that she loves Rapunzel. She is willing to have a very long journey just to get Rapunzel’s birthday present. She also likes to cook Rapunzel’s favorite dinner. However, throughout the story, her motivation to protect Rapunzel is just to take advantage from Rapunzel’s hair. She wants to be young forever by touching Rapunzel’s hair. She is willing to do anything to protect Rapunzel as her asset to beauty. In here we can see that for woman, beauty is everything and woman will do anything to keep being beautiful. As an evil character, she is depicted as an old woman wearing a crimson dress, spiky gold-colored earrings, and sometimes wear a black cloak (see figure 5). Gothel is really old and it can be seen from her wardrobe style. Her wardrobe style is 400 years older than the period of time in the movie to show that she has been that old. Unlike Ursula who has been depicted as an old, fat woman from the beginning, Gothel is beautiful with her slender body, but when she does not touch Rapunzel’s hair or when Rapunzel’s hair is cut, her wrinkles show and her curly hair turn to white. According to the directors of the movie, Gothel is designed to be the opposite of Rapunzel. It is strengthened of Gothel’s curly hair as the opposite of Rapunzel flowing hair. Although her appearance is nice, she is still old and depicted to have an intimidating gaze to make Rapunzel obey her rule. Wilson stated in her article titled â€Å"Disney’s Racist Stereotyping and Gender Roles Remain Un-Tangled. Gothel as the opposite of Rapunzel is depicted as dark (2010:1). Unlike Rapunzel who has golden hair and fair skin, Gothel is depicted to have dark hair, to wear dark clothing, and dark skin contrasting with the golden whiteness of Rapunzel. The interesting part in her character is when she starts to be angry to Rapunzel she will say â€Å"Now I am the bad guy. † The usage of â€Å"guy† here is interesting because she is a woman. By these words, we can imply that when she show her masculine power like controls Rapunzel, she will be a bad person and similar as a man or guy. Women should be soft and caring, so when she has to be angry, she considers herself as a guy. Gothel is also really smart and always use her clever for her own good. At the beginning of the story she hides the magical flower for her own good. She uses the flower by herself and she never let anyone to have it. It is shown that she is selfish. When she forgets to hide it and the flower is taken by the kingdom’s guard, she kidnaps Rapunzel and hides her in a tower. She does not want anybody to take the power again from her. Also, she put the Stabbington Brothers against Eugene, so she can have Rapunzel back. Unlike Rapunzel who always stays in the tower without using her powerful hair to run away, Gothel always uses her power for her own good. She is active, the opposite of the ideal woman depiction which is passive like Rapunzel. In short, her cleverness and her uncaring characteristics make her depicted as the villain in this movie. It is then strengthening the image that woman who has masculine power than feminine power will be considered as bad or weird like what happen to Ursula and Gothel. The depiction of good woman and bad woman in both movies has revealed that a woman who has a masculine quality more than feminine quality will be considered as bad. This is the proof that women are required to behave as the society’s perspective as normal. They have to be passive, submissive, defendant, and pure. Welter stated that The Attributes of True Womanhood were judged by society could be divided into four cardinal virtues which are piety, purity, submissiveness and domesticity (2008:7). These four cardinal virtues are virtues that exist in Ariel and Rapunzel. Rapunzel and Ariel in both movies are locked in their place to protect them from danger. Their parents protect them by limiting their movement. This phenomenon also happens in reality. Many parents forbid their daughter to go out late, even to go far from their house while boys can easily go out late. They will say that their daughters need more protection than boys. Also, when a woman talks about sex or showing a desire in doing sex, she will be seen as bad and they can lose their purity (virginity) that will be the same as death. As Colette Downing has mentioned in her theory about Cinderella Complex, most women are waiting for their savior which is men (1992:17). By this theory we can conclude that women are dependent and this is what they should do if they want to be considered as the ideal woman or prevent people consider them as weird or bad. This is happen with Rapunzel and Ariel. They are locked inside the tower and the ocean. They tried to escape but they cannot fully escape because there were no men to save them. Both of them actually know that they are stuck in the place that they should not be and they need to see the world. It is seen from the song that they sing in the beginning of the movies. It can imply that both of them know that they are locked from the world and their world is not fulfilled yet. Rapunzel in the beginning of the movie sings the song â€Å"When will my life begin? † In that song, there is a lyric. â€Å"Stuck in the same place I’ve always been. And I keep wondering, wondering, wondering, wondering when will my life begin? † (0:07:04-0:07:15). She sings that song while she is doing jobs like cleaning the house, baking, knitting etc which are rather stereotypical. She has the ability to do other jobs or even go out the tower but she does not do that. She does not use her magical hair to help her out from the tower. She obeys her mother to stay in the tower. Unlike Rapunzel who uses her power to protect Rapunzel, Rapunze chooses to not use her magical hair to escape. She seems to wait her savior until Eugene comes. He frees her from the tower and guide her to the floating lantern. Although Rapunzel always tries to ask Gothel to go out, she still cannot go out. She finally can escape when Eugene comes and brings her to the kingdom. Eugene in here becomes the guide for Rapunzel. Because of Eugene she can get into the kingdom and see the floating lantern. Rapunzel even says that â€Å"For like the first time ever, I’m completely free. † (00:30:26 00:30:33) From this song we can see that Rapunzel never feels free and always feels restricted. From this scene we can conclude that a woman like Rapunzel cannot feel the life by herself. She needs a man to be her guide to live her life. Eugene, who is sent to save Rapunzel has seen the world. He has travelled around the kingdom, while Rapunzel keeps being stuck inside the tower. This is undeniable really strengthening the theory of domestic and public sphere of woman and man. Man is considered in public spaces like working outside and has an adventurous journey, while a woman in domestic space just wait for a man and doing housework like cooking, baking, cleaning and caring. At the beginning of The Little Mermaid, Ariel also sings a song titled â€Å"Part of Your World. † Similar with Rapunzel, Ariel sings that to tell the audience that she wants to be escaped from the ocean. Polanco stated in her paper that â€Å"Part of Your World† is an expression of Ariel’s frustrations hopes and desires (2010:24). Although Ariel has learned many things about the human world from Scuttle, this song also indicates that Ariel still does not know many things about the human world. For example the lyric â€Å"You want thingamabobs? † (0:15:24) Maybe for us Thingamabobs is a strange word but Ariel refers thingamabobs to a set of ship spare parts. Also from the lyric â€Å"I want to be, where the people are. I want to see ‘em dancing. Walking around on those†¦ what do you call them? Oh feet†. (0:15:56-0:16:09). We can also see that Ariel still forgets the term feet to describe the organ for walking. Ariel believes what Scuttle said about the term of the things and it leads to misunderstanding. This can be seen from the dialogue below. Scuttle : â€Å"Oh, Look at this! This is special. This is very, very unusual. † Ariel : â€Å"What? What is it? † Scuttle : â€Å"It is a dinglehopper. Human uses this little babies to straighthen their hair out. † Ariel : â€Å"A dingglehopper†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (The Little Mermaid, 0:09:17-0:09:30) The one that Scuttle means of course not a dinglehopper. It is a fork that we use for eating while Scuttle says that it is a thing for straighten hair. It is completely wrong, but Ariel still believes it because she does not know anything about human’s world. From her face, it is seen that she is amazed by a â€Å"dinglehopper†. This song emphasizes Ariel’depression by the lyric â€Å"What would I give, if I could live out of these waters? † (0:16:39). It shows that she is willing to give anything in order to be able to explore the world. Although she knows that she is trapped in the ocean, she chooses to obey her father and stay in the ocean until Eric comes and needs her help. She needs man to be her motive to escape. In short, Ariel waits for a man to be her savior or her motive to be free. Polanco further explains about the usage of the pronoun your in the title â€Å"Part of Your World†. He stated that your in the title means that there is a dyadic relationship of recognition between bodies that implies an appropriation of one body into a world (2010:30). In short, from the title, we can see that the patriarchal system still happens in here. Who is you in here? You in here can refer to men who has the world. Eric is also depicted as a prince who likes to sail around and has seen the world unlike Ariel who is still limited by her fins to explore the world. She compares the fact that she has fins and human has legs. Ariel’s body encounters resistance to the limitations that she has to face. She really needs someone to free her from the limitation and explore the world. Disney has stated that Tangled is a transitional movie that can bring fresh air to a gender stereotyping princess that has been done by Disney all this time. Even, Disney announces that they will not make another princess movie. Disney from the era of Cinderella (1959) is considered always use typical beauty to depict the princess. The princess is a young girl with flowing long hair, slim and has beautiful figure. Disney’s princess is also really loyal to the rule of femininity like passive, submissive, soft, etc. Tangled is different. This movie has a more adventurous journey between Eugene and Rapunzel and Rapunzel seems stronger than other Disney princesses. She can hit Eugene until he passes out when Eugene comes into her tower quietly. She also interrogates Eugene and ties him up by her hair. Many people think that this is could have been a good sign for a new era of gender stereotyping by Disney. However, if we look at this scene closely, Rapunzel hit Eugene with frying pan. The usage of frying pan in here is stereotypical. A frying pan is a thing from kitchen which is usually considered as women’s place. The choice of frying pan in this movie still consolidating the fact that people cannot be separated completely with gender stereotyping that they get since childhood. As have been mentioned above, Disney has tried so hard to break the gender stereotype that they have created until this time. They change many things to achieve that. However, that is also a small part that is maybe forgotten by Disney. At the end of Tangled, there is a narration by Eugene below. Eugene : â€Å"But I know what the big question is, Did Rapunzel and I ever get married? Well Im pleased to tell you That after years, and years of asking and asking, and asking I finally said yes. † Rapunzel : â€Å"Eugene†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Eugene : â€Å"All right, I asked her† (Tangled, 01:28:11-01:28:29) Eugene narrates that he and Rapunzel get married. He said they get married after he says yes. It rotates the common belief that man is the one who ask for marriage and the woman will answer yes or no. However, it is corrected by the clarifying that he is the one who ask Rapunzel, not the other way around. It is really interesting because although Disney has tried so hard, they still cannot be separated from the fact that gender stereotype is still in their mind. They cannot let the woman becomes the one who proposes the man. They still stick to the conservative rule that man is the one who proposes woman. The Little Mermaid as an old movie also cannot be separated by the patriarchal system. Ariel can be fully free from the ocean kingdom and the tail that restricts her movement is when she is married to Eric. Even, the one who gives her the real and permanent legs is her father, who is a man, not Ursula. Although Ursula has great power, she cannot give permanent legs to Ariel and cannot free Ariel from the ocean. The one who has the real and great power is the man. Also, Ursula as a strong and powerful character at the end has to die because of Eric. Eric as a man who is actually weaker than Ursula –he does not have any power like Ursula- can kill Ursula by his ship. This scene also shows that although a woman is really strong and powerful, man’s power will be above her. Man is still the decision maker. Also, when Ursula said that Ariel can be a human just in three days, the man is still the decision maker. If Ariel cannot get a true love kiss from Eric, she will return to mermaid and her soul belongs to Ursula. Eric is the one who decide whether Ariel becomes a mermaid or a human. Disney has tried to break some stereotype in this movie by depicting Ariel as a rebel and strong character. She can save Eric when his ship sinks. In here Ariel seems superior that Eric since she saves Eric and determines the life or Eric. However, at the end Eric is the one who decide Ariel’s life and her father also plays an important part in Ariel’s transition into human. Ariel has the power to save Eric when his ship sank, but she cannot run from the fate that the one who gives her real human world will be the man. The most obvious scene that strengthens the patriarchal system in this movie is when Ariel trades her voice in order to get legs and becomes human. She leaves her identity as a mermaid. She leaves her place, her tail and her family to get the man. In here we can see that in order to have a man, a woman has to leave her identity. This also happens to most women in the world. They have to leave their family and lives with her husband or lover. Women also lose their identity as soon as they get married. They will be known as someone’s wife or someone’s mother rather than as an individual. The inability to speak with Ariel symbolizes the limitation of women in expressing their opinion. Before 1960s women cannot vote and cannot express their opinion in public space. Although women nowadays are considered free to express their opinion, it is still undeniable that there is a limitation for them to speak. In this scene, Ursula also stated that although Ariel cannot speak and tell Eric everything, she will get Eric by using Ariel’s beautiful figure. By this scene it is implied that the one that appeal men is women’s beauty, not their intelligence. As women cannot speak, they cannot show their intelligence. Of course long flowing hair, slim body and fair skin are the characteristic of beauty that Ursula mentioned. She emphasizes her opinion by her song that title â€Å"Poor Unfortunate Soul†. It is can be seen from the lyric below: â€Å"You†ll have your looks, your pretty face. And don’t underestimate the importance of body language. The men up there don’t like a blabber. They think a girl who gossips is a bore. Yet on land it’s much preferred for ladies not to say a word. And after all dear, what is idle babble for? Come on, they are not all that impressed with conversation. True gentlemen avoid it when they can but they dote and swoon and fawn on a lady who’s withdrawn. It’s she who holds her tongue who gets a man. † (The Little Mermaid, 0:42:05-0:43:28) Those words mean that men love women who talk less since they cannot argue and accept what their husband says. Ursula also shows that physical appearance is the only thing that matters when it comes to love. Lastly, the pattern of Disney’ fairy tales will be ended by marriage of both male and female characters. The statistic from the â€Å"100 years of Magic Disney survey† found that 82. 3 percent of the films show marriage and children as the expected course for couples. It also happened in these movies. Both movies are ended by marriages. Rapunzel marries Eugene and Ariel marries Eric. Marriage ending in both movies indicates that the story of a woman will be ended when they get married. Women’s goal in life is to get married to a man. It is not mentioned how they life after marriage. The audience never knows how Rapunzel and Eugene’s life and how Ariel and Eric’s life after marriage. Do they really live happily ever after? That is not something important anymore. As Pothier mentioned in her journal, the marriage seems to be a grant for women and also the beginning of a new life (2008:60). The tagline â€Å"they live happily ever after† after the marriage scene also emphasizes that the most important point in women’s life will be marriage. If they have been married they will happily ever after. No matter what kind of life that they will face after marriage they will still consider it as happy. In short that the usage of ever after in here is indicating that finding a right man and getting married is the end of female experience of life as she erased her identity when she gets married. Conclusion This paper attempts to highlight hidden gender stereotypes in animations The Little Mermaid and Tangled and reveals the stereotypes to society. The success of the feminist movement is not a guarantee that women can have equal status as men. People are still trapped in gender stereotypes that have been imprinted in their minds since they are young. One mean that make gender stereotypes cannot be separated with human’s perspective is animation movies. The two animation movies have revealed that although the creators have tried to minimize or even erase gender stereotypes in fairy tales, gender stereotypes in the end cannot be separated and it will still be seen. The Little Mermaid and Tangled have shown that gender stereotypes are still exists although both movies are still categorized as new. To answer this issue, both movies were watched two times. The first time was the time for understanding the plot, and the second time was the time for me to take notes about findings that I get after watching the movies. My findings in this paper were compared with Downing’s theory about Cinderella Complex. The conclusion was taken by analyzing both the findings and the theory. After reviewing and analyzing these two movies, both of them have hidden stereotype gender although the creator has tried to break gender stereotypes that have been imprinted in Disney movies. The protagonist in these movies is depicted as the ideal woman as pretty, slim and slender body. On the other hand, the antagonist character in these movies is depicted to have masculine identity that feminine identity. They have the power to regulate the protagonist’s life. Patriarchy still cannot be separated in these movies. Both Ariel and Rapunzel are trapped in their place and cannot see the real world. They show this depression by singing a song at the beginning of their story. Both of them tell us that they have not felt the real world. It is implied that women’s place is in domestic area. The man characters, on the other hand, are really adventurous and have travelled around. It also shows that men’s place is in public space. The women’s character also can be free after the arrival of the man’s character. Later, man will be the guide of woman to explore the world. In these movies, although the woman characters are smart and brave, they still cannot stand by themselves. They need man to free them from their prison. Man will be the decision maker of woman’s life. If a man wants to give legs to them, man will be the one who gives her legs. If a man does not want to take her to see the floating lantern, she will never see the floating lantern. The jobs that they do in the movies are also stereotyped. Rapunzel and Ariel are depicted to have a woman’s job like cleaning the house, etc. Lastly, the happily ever after ending at these movies implies that women’s goal in life is to get married. No one ever knows their life after marriage but it will be still considered as happily ever after. The usage of ever after in here indicates that finding a right man and getting married is women’s goal and it is the end of their experiences of life as they erase her identity when she gets married. This paper explains about hidden gender stereotypes in The Little Mermaid and Tangled. This paper is limited to the depiction of good woman and bad woman in the movies and patriarchal system that still can be seen in the movie although it has been tried to be hidden. After conducting research in this article, there are some interesting and important points that are not included because of the limitation of paper and topic. The first is a comparison between man’s and woman’s depiction in animation movie. In this paper, I only focus on woman’s depictions. The comparison is important since people need to know how gender stereotypes affect the man’s depiction. Further research about man’s depiction is no doubt needed and can be further explained. The second important point is about the relation between gender stereotypes in movies and in reality. How do gender stereotypes in movie affect people’s life? Further research about it is absolutely needed to answer that question.